calculations in bash

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Arithmetic Operators Order of Precedence

Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence (quoting form the bash man page).

       id++ id--

              variable post-increment and post-decrement

       ++id --id

              variable pre-increment and pre-decrement

       - +    unary minus and plus

       ! ~    logical and bitwise negation

       **     exponentiation

       * / %  multiplication, division, remainder

       + -    addition, subtraction

       << >>  left and right bitwise shifts

       <= >= < >

              comparison

       == !=  equality and inequality

       &      bitwise AND

       ^      bitwise exclusive OR

       |      bitwise OR

       &&     logical AND

       ||     logical OR

       expr?expr:expr

              conditional operator

       = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= ^= |=

              assignment

       expr1 , expr2

              comma

Arithmetic calculations using Inbuilt bash options

value1=5;value2=7

addition=$(( value1 + value2 ))

echo "$value1 + $value2 = $addition "

value1=5;value2=7

subtraction=$(( value1 - value2 ))

echo "$value1 - $value2 = $subtraction "

subtraction=$(( value2 - value1 ))

echo "$value2 - $value1 = $subtraction "

value1=5;value2=7

division=$(( value1 / value2 ))

echo "$value1 / $value2 = $division "

division=$(( value2 / value1 ))

echo "$value2 / $value1 = $division "

value1=5;value2=7

multiplication=$(( value1 * value2 ))

echo "$value1 * $value2 = $multiplication "

value1=5;value2=7

modulus=$(( value1 % value2 ))

echo "$value1 % $value2 = $modulus "

modulus=$(( value2 % value1 ))

echo "$value2 % $value1 = $modulus "

value1=5;value2=7

post_increment=$(( value1++ ))

echo "$value1 after post increment = $post_increment "

post_decrement=$(( value2-- ))

echo "$value2 after post decrement = $post_decrement "

value1=5;value2=7

pre_increment=$(( ++value1 ))

echo "$value1 after pre increment = $pre_increment "

pre_decrement=$(( --value2 ))

echo "$value2 after pre decrement = $pre_decrement "

value1=5;value2=7

exponentiation=$(( value1 ** value2 ))

echo "$value1 ** $value2 = $exponentiation "

exponentiation=$(( value2 ** value1 ))

echo "$value2 ** $value1 = $exponentiation "



Arithmetic calculations using let command

value1=5;value2=7

let addition=value1+value2

echo "$value1 + $value2 = $addition "

value1=5;value2=7

let subtraction=value1-value2

echo "$value1 - $value2 = $subtraction "

let subtraction=value2-value1

echo "$value2 - $value1 = $subtraction "

value1=5;value2=7

let division=value1/value2

echo "$value1 / $value2 = $division "

let division=value2/value1

echo "$value2 / $value1 = $division "

value1=5;value2=7

let multiplication=value1*value2

echo "$value1 * $value2 = $multiplication "

value1=5;value2=7

let modulus=value1%value2

echo "$value1 % $value2 = $modulus "

let modulus=value2%value1

echo "$value2 % $value1 = $modulus "

value1=5;value2=7

let post_increment=value1++

echo "$value1 after post increment = $post_increment "

let post_decrement=value2--

echo "$value2 after post decrement = $post_decrement "

value1=5;value2=7

let pre_increment=++value1

echo "$value1 after pre increment = $pre_increment "

let pre_decrement=--value2

echo "$value2 after pre decrement = $pre_decrement "

value1=5;value2=7

let exponentiation=value1**value2

echo "$value1 ** $value2 = $exponentiation "

let exponentiation=value2**value1

echo "$value2 ** $value1 = $exponentiation "

Arithmetic calculations using expr command

value1=5;value2=7

addition=$( expr $value1 + $value2 )

echo "$value1 + $value2 = $addition "

value1=5;value2=7

subtraction=$( expr $value1 - $value2 )

echo "$value1 - $value2 = $subtraction "

subtraction=$( expr $value2 - $value1 )

echo "$value2 - $value1 = $subtraction "

value1=5;value2=7

division=$( expr $value1 / $value2 )

echo "$value1 / $value2 = $division "

division=$( expr $value2 / $value1 )

echo "$value2 / $value1 = $division "

value1=5;value2=7

multiplication=$( expr $value1 \* $value2 )

echo "$value1 * $value2 = $multiplication "

value1=5;value2=7

modulus=$( expr $value1 % $value2 )

echo "$value1 % $value2 = $modulus "

modulus=$( expr $value2 % $value1 )

echo "$value2 % $value1 = $modulus "

Arithmetic calculations using bc command

value1=5;value2=7

addition=$( echo $value1+$value2 |bc )

echo "$value1 + $value2 = $addition "

value1=5;value2=7

subtraction=$( echo $value1-$value2 |bc )

echo "$value1 - $value2 = $subtraction "

subtraction=$( echo $value2-$value1 |bc )

echo "$value2 - $value1 = $subtraction "

value1=5;value2=7

division=$( echo $value1/$value2 |bc )

echo "$value1 / $value2 = $division "

division=$( echo $value2/$value1 |bc )

echo "$value2 / $value1 = $division "

value1=5;value2=7

multiplication=$( echo $value1*$value2 |bc )

echo "$value1 * $value2 = $multiplication "

value1=5;value2=7

modulus=$( echo $value1%$value2 |bc )

echo "$value1 % $value2 = $modulus "

modulus=$( echo $value2%$value1 |bc )

echo "$value2 % $value1 = $modulus "

References :- http://www.softpanorama.org/Scripting/Shellorama/arithmetic_expressions.shtml

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